Abstract

Author:

Nirmal Bhusal, Tikal Karki

Doi: 10.26480/seps.01.2022.25.28

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

Despite women being the backbone of agricultural development, they are typically wrongly characterized as economically inactive. Many gender issues and inequalities are still prevalent in our society, which are the true barriers to real agricultural development. The roles of woman in farming system research and extension (FSR/E) have not been included but they are the ultimate target of the approach. This paper aims to discuss different gender issues, analyse the role of gender in research and extension and compare different extension education approaches related to extension education. Different articles related to agriculture extension approaches, gender issues, and the role of rural women is peer-reviewed. There are different barriers like women’s daily workload, cultural and legal status, property rights, inherent right different relationship, social contact, bias in training centres, and lack of flow of information’s, etc. for gender-based research and extension system. Conventional research and extension system thought to female farmer related to the reproductive and domestic role that underestimates the productive role. Effective research and extension approaches should provide the proper space for women. Their role shouldn’t be bound only to reproductive and domestic work. Extension education approaches should focus on women as a central character of effective learning. Different training programs based on women’s needs and skill development should be organized and should ensure active participation of them.